A/RES/45/52
54th plenary meeting
4 December 1990
Establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East
The General Assembly,
Recalling its resolutions 3263 (XXIX) of 9 December 1974, 3474 (XXX) of
11 December 1975, 31/71 of 10 December 1976, 32/82 of 12 December 1977, 33/64
of 14 December 1978, 34/77 of 11 December 1979, 35/147 of 12 December 1980,
36/87 of 9 December 1981, 37/75 of 9 December 1982, 38/64 of 15 December 1983,
39/54 of 12 December 1984, 40/82 of 12 December 1985, 41/48 of
3 December 1986, 42/28 of 30 November 1987, 43/65 of 7 December 1988 and
44/108 of 15 December 1989 on the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone
in the region of the Middle East,
Recalling also the recommendations for the establishment of such a zone
in the Middle East consistent with paragraphs 60 to 63, and in particular
paragraph 63 (d), of the Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the
General Assembly,
Emphasizing the basic provisions of the above-mentioned resolutions,
which call upon all parties directly concerned to consider taking the
practical and urgent steps required for the implementation of the proposal to
establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East and,
pending and during the establishment of such a zone, to declare solemnly that
they will refrain, on a reciprocal basis, from producing, acquiring or in any
other way possessing nuclear weapons and nuclear explosive devices and from
permitting the stationing of nuclear weapons on their territory by any third
party, to agree to place all their nuclear facilities under International
Atomic Energy Agency safeguards and to declare their support for the
establishment of the zone and to deposit such declarations with the Security
Council for consideration, as appropriate,
Reaffirming the inalienable right of all States to acquire and develop
nuclear energy for peaceful purposes,
Emphasizing also the need for appropriate measures on the question of the
prohibition of military attacks on nuclear facilities,
Bearing in mind the consensus reached by the General Assembly at its
thirty-fifth session that the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in
the region of the Middle East would greatly enhance international peace and
security,
Desirous of building on that consensus so that substantial progress can
be made towards establishing a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the
Middle East,
Emphasizing further the essential role of the United Nations in the
establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East,
Having examined the report of the Secretary-General which contains the
study on effective and verifiable measures which would facilitate the
establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East,
1. Urges all parties directly concerned to consider seriously taking
the practical and urgent steps required for the implementation of the proposal
to establish a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East in
accordance with the relevant resolutions of the General Assembly, and, as a
means of promoting this objective, invites the countries concerned to adhere
to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons;
2. Calls upon all countries of the region that have not done so,
pending the establishment of the zone, to agree to place all their nuclear
activities under International Atomic Energy Agency safeguards;
3. Takes note of the report of the Director General of the
International Atomic Energy Agency on the implementation of paragraph 2 of
resolution GC(XXXIII)/RES/506, which is contained in document GC(XXXIV)/926;
4. Also takes note of the request made by the General Conference of the
International Atomic Energy Agency to the Director General in paragraph 2 of
resolution GC(XXXIV)/RES/526 "to deploy further efforts in continuing the
consultation with the States concerned in the Middle East area with a view to
applying Agency safeguards to all nuclear installations in the area, keeping
in mind the relevant recommendations contained in paragraph 75 of the report
attached to document GC(XXXIII)/887, as well as various proposals and opinions
referred to in the Governments' replies contained in document GC(XXXIV)/926
and the situation in the area of the Middle East";
5. Invites all countries of the region, pending the establishment of a
nuclear-weapon-free zone in the region of the Middle East, to declare their
support for establishing such a zone, consistent with paragraph 63 (d) of the
Final Document of the Tenth Special Session of the General Assembly, and to
deposit those declarations with the Security Council;
6. Also invites those countries, pending the establishment of the zone,
not to develop, produce, test or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or permit
the stationing on their territories, or territories under their control, of
nuclear weapons or nuclear explosive devices;
7. Invites the nuclear-weapon States and all other States to render
their assistance in the establishment of the zone and at the same time to
refrain from any action that runs counter to both the letter and the spirit of
the present resolution;
8. Welcomes the completion of the study undertaken by the
Secretary-General, in accordance with paragraph 8 of resolution 43/65 and
contained in his report, on effective and verifiable measures which would
facilitate the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East;
9. Requests all parties of the region and other parties concerned, in
particular the nuclear-weapon States, to submit to the Secretary-General their
views and suggestions with respect to the above-mentioned study, as well as on
follow-up measures which would facilitate the establishment of a
nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East;
10. Requests the Secretary-General to submit to the General Assembly at
its forty-sixth session a report on the implementation of the present
resolution;
11. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its forty-sixth
session the item entitled "Establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the
region of the Middle East".
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